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Juno ((ラテン語:Iūno) (:ˈjuːno)) is an ancient Roman goddess, the protector and special counselor of the state. She is a daughter of Saturn and sister (but also the wife) of the chief god Jupiter and the mother of Mars and Vulcan. Juno also looked after the women of Rome.〔Corbishley, Mike ''Ancient Rome'' Warwick Press 1986 p.62〕 Her Greek equivalent was Hera.〔''Larousse Desk Reference Encyclopedia'', The Book People, Haydock, 1995, p. 215.〕 Her Etruscan counterpart was Uni. As the patron goddess of Rome and the Roman Empire, Juno was called ラテン語:Regina ("Queen") and, together with Jupiter and Minerva, was worshipped as a triad on the Capitol (Juno Capitolina) in Rome. Juno's own warlike aspect among the Romans is apparent in her attire. She often appeared sitting pictured with a peacock〔Rodgers, Nigel: "Life In Ancient Rome", page 45, Anness Publishing Ltd, 2007.〕 armed and wearing a goatskin cloak. The traditional depiction of this warlike aspect was assimilated from the Greek goddess Hera, whose goatskin was called the 'aegis'. ==Etymology== The name ''Juno'' was also once thought to be connected to ''Iove'' (Jove), originally as ''Diuno'' and ''Diove'' from '' *Diovona''.〔P. K. Buttmann ''Mythologus'' I Berlin 1828 p. 200 ff.; J. A. Hartung ''Die Religion der Römer'' II Erlangen 1836 p. 62 ; L. Preller ''Rômische Mythologie'' I.〕 At the beginning of the 20th century, a derivation was proposed from ''iuven-'' (as in Latin ''iuvenis'', "youth"), through a syncopated form ''iūn-'' (as in ''iūnix'', "heifer", and ''iūnior'', "younger"). This etymology became widely accepted after it was endorsed by Georg Wissowa.〔G. Wissowa ''Religion und Kultus der Römer'' Munich 1912 pp. 181-2, drawing on W. Schulze and W. Otto in 1904 and 1905. Juno would then be a derivate noun in ''-ōn-'', rather unusual in the feminine.〕 ''Iuuen-'' is related to Latin ''aevum'' and Greek ''aion'' (αιών) through a common Indo-European root referring to a concept of vital energy or "fertile time".〔Émile Benveniste, "Expression indo-européenne de l' éternité" ''Bulletin de la société de linguistique de Paris'' 38, 1937, pp.103-112: the theme *yuwen- includes the root *yu- at degree 0 and the suffix -wen-. The original meaning of the root *yu- is that of vital force as found in Vedic ''ắyuh'' vital force, ''āyúh'' genius of the vital force and also in Greek αιών and Latin ''aevum''.〕 The ''iuvenis'' is he who has the fullness of vital force.〔Robert E. A. Palmer ''Roman Religion and Roman Empire. Five Essays'' Philadelphia, 1974, p. 4; Marcel Renard "Le nom de Junon" in ''Phoibos'' 5 1950, 1, p. 141-143.〕 In some inscriptions Jupiter himself is called ''Iuuntus'', and one of the epithets of Jupiter is ''Ioviste'', a superlative form of ''iuuen-'' meaning "the youngest".〔G. Wissowa above p. 135; G. Dumezil ''La relig. rom. arch.'' Paris 1974; It. tr. Milano 1977 p. 185-186; C. W. Atkins "Latin 'Iouiste' et le vocabulaire religieux indoeuropéen" in ''Mélanges Benveniste'' Paris, 1975, pp.527-535〕 Iuventas, "Youth", was one of two deities who "refused" to leave the Capitol when the building of the new Temple of Capitoline Jove required the exauguration of deities who already occupied the site.〔Dionysius of Halicarnassus, ''Antiquitates Romanae,'' III 69, 5-6. M Renard remarks that the annual procession which took the image of the goddess (represented as a goose) from the temple of Juno Moneta on the Arx to the Capitoline temple in a ''lectica'' portantine, stopped and placed the image between the ''cella'' of Jupiter and that of Minerva and there, in the ''pronaos'' in front of the statue of Minerva, stood Iuventas's aedicula. "Aspects anciens de Janus et de Junon" in ''Revue belge de philologie'' 1953 p. 21; V. Basanoff ''Les dieux des romains'' 1942 p. 154; Livy V 54, 7.〕 Juno is the equivalent to Hera, the Greek goddess for love and marriage. Juno is the Roman goddess of love and marriage. Ancient etymologies associated Juno's name with ''iuvare'', "to aid, benefit", and ''iuvenescendo'', "rejuvenate", sometimes connecting it to the renewal of the new and waxing moon, perhaps implying the idea of a moon goddess.〔Varro ''Ling. Lat.'' V 67 and 69 ; Cicero, ''Nat. Deor.'' II 66; Plutarch, ''Quaestiones Romanae,'' 77.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Juno (mythology)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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